• Boiler Tube
Boiler Tube
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  • Details
  • Boiler tubes are the key pipeline materials for transporting high-temperature and high-pressure media in boiler equipment. They are mainly used in thermal power plants, industrial boilers, centralized heating systems, as well as in chemical, metallurgical and other fields. They need to possess characteristics such as high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion and oxidation resistance, high strength and high toughness.

     

     

    Main purpose

     

     

    Boiler tubes are the core components that form the "vascular system" of a boiler, and they are specifically used for:

     

    • Power plant boilers: water-cooled walls, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, main steam pipes, etc.
    •  Industrial boilers: Supplying steam and providing heat exchange systems for industries such as chemical, textile, and paper manufacturing.
    • Central heating: The hot water supply pipelines of the centralized heating system in northern regions.

     

     

    Core Requirements and Characteristics

     

     

    • Resistant to high temperature and high pressure: Can operate stably for a long time at temperatures ranging from 450℃ to 650℃ and pressures above 9.8MPa.
    • Corrosion and oxidation resistance: Resistant to corrosion and oxidation by media such as steam and smoke.
    • Excellent mechanical properties: High strength and high toughness, ensuring safe pressure-bearing.
    • Good thermal conductivity: Efficiently transmits heat energy.
    • Strict process requirements: Must pass tests such as water pressure, flattening, expansion, and ultrasonic flaw detection.

     

    International standard system

     

    The production of boiler tubes adheres to strict international standards, which mainly include:

     

    Region/CountryMain StandardsScope of Application
    ChinaGB/T 3087-2008Seamless steel pipes for low and medium pressure boilers (pressure ≤ 5.88 MPa, temperature ≤ 450℃)
    GB/T 5310-2023Seamless Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers (Ultra-Critical and Ultra-Ultra-Critical Units)
    American 

     
    ASTM A106/A106MHigh-temperature seamless carbon steel pipe
    ASTM A192/A192MSeamless Carbon Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers
    ASTM A213/A213MSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Pipes for Boilers and Superheaters
    ASTM A335/A335MSeamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipes for High Temperature and High Pressure Applications

    European

    EUROPEAN UNION

    EN 10216-2:2014Pressure-bearing Seamless Steel Pipes - Non-alloy and Alloy Steel Pipes Specifying High-Temperature Properties
    GermanDIN 17175Seamless Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers
    JapaneseJIS G3461Carbon Steel and Molybdenum Steel Pipes for Boilers and Heat Exchangers
    Requirements for tensile strength and yield strength

     

     


    The mechanical performance requirements for boiler tubes of different materials and standards vary. The following are the performance indicators of common grades:

     

     

    StandardGrade / Steel GradeYield Strength (MPa)Tensile Strength (MPa)Elongation (%)
    GB3087Grade 10 steel335 - 475≥ 195≥ 24
    Grade 20 steel410-550≥245≥20
    GB5310




     
    20G410-550≥245≥24
    20MnG≥415≥240≥22
    15CrMoG440-640≥295≥22
    12Cr1MoVG470-640≥255≥21
    12Cr2MoWVTiB540-735≥345≥18
    10Cr9Mo1VNb≥585≥415≥20
    ASTM A192A192≥325≥180≥35
    ASTM A210SA210C≥485≥275≥30
    ASTM A213T11≥415≥205≥30
    T22≥415≥205≥30
    T91≥585≥ 415≥20
    T92≥620≥440≥20

    Core Requirements and Characteristics

     

    • Medium-low pressure boiler tubes (such as 20# steel from GB3087) are typically used in working conditions with a temperature of ≤ 450℃ and a pressure of ≤ 5.88MPa. Their tensile strength is ≥ 410MPa and their yield strength is ≥ 245MPa.
    • High-pressure boiler tubes (such as those made of alloy steel in GB5310) are used in ultra-supercritical and super-supercritical units, demanding higher temperature strength and creep resistance. For instance, 12Cr2MoWVTiB (G102) has a tensile strength of 540-735 MPa and a yield strength of ≥ 345 MPa.
    • International standard differences: The American standard distinguishes between tubes (Tube, such as A213) and pipes (Pipe, such as A335), but the chemical composition is usually the same (such as T/P91). In the European EN 10216-2 standard, similar grades like X10CrMoVNb9-1 correspond to the American T/P91.

     

     

    Trend of Material Selection


    Currently, supercritical and ultra-supercritical power plant boilers mostly adopt high-performance materials such as T/P91 and T/P92 (corresponding to 12Cr2MoG and 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN in China), which exhibit excellent creep rupture strength at temperatures ranging from 600 to 625 degrees Celsius. These materials have become the main materials for units operating at the 600-degree level.

  • Details
  • Boiler tubes are the key pipeline materials for transporting high-temperature and high-pressure media in boiler equipment. They are mainly used in thermal power plants, industrial boilers, centralized heating systems, as well as in chemical, metallurgical and other fields. They need to possess characteristics such as high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion and oxidation resistance, high strength and high toughness.

     

     

    Main purpose

     

     

    Boiler tubes are the core components that form the "vascular system" of a boiler, and they are specifically used for:

     

    • Power plant boilers: water-cooled walls, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, main steam pipes, etc.
    •  Industrial boilers: Supplying steam and providing heat exchange systems for industries such as chemical, textile, and paper manufacturing.
    • Central heating: The hot water supply pipelines of the centralized heating system in northern regions.

     

     

    Core Requirements and Characteristics

     

     

    • Resistant to high temperature and high pressure: Can operate stably for a long time at temperatures ranging from 450℃ to 650℃ and pressures above 9.8MPa.
    • Corrosion and oxidation resistance: Resistant to corrosion and oxidation by media such as steam and smoke.
    • Excellent mechanical properties: High strength and high toughness, ensuring safe pressure-bearing.
    • Good thermal conductivity: Efficiently transmits heat energy.
    • Strict process requirements: Must pass tests such as water pressure, flattening, expansion, and ultrasonic flaw detection.

     

    International standard system

     

    The production of boiler tubes adheres to strict international standards, which mainly include:

     

    Region/CountryMain StandardsScope of Application
    ChinaGB/T 3087-2008Seamless steel pipes for low and medium pressure boilers (pressure ≤ 5.88 MPa, temperature ≤ 450℃)
    GB/T 5310-2023Seamless Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers (Ultra-Critical and Ultra-Ultra-Critical Units)
    American 

     
    ASTM A106/A106MHigh-temperature seamless carbon steel pipe
    ASTM A192/A192MSeamless Carbon Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers
    ASTM A213/A213MSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Pipes for Boilers and Superheaters
    ASTM A335/A335MSeamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipes for High Temperature and High Pressure Applications

    European

    EUROPEAN UNION

    EN 10216-2:2014Pressure-bearing Seamless Steel Pipes - Non-alloy and Alloy Steel Pipes Specifying High-Temperature Properties
    GermanDIN 17175Seamless Steel Pipes for High-Pressure Boilers
    JapaneseJIS G3461Carbon Steel and Molybdenum Steel Pipes for Boilers and Heat Exchangers
    Requirements for tensile strength and yield strength

     

     


    The mechanical performance requirements for boiler tubes of different materials and standards vary. The following are the performance indicators of common grades:

     

     

    StandardGrade / Steel GradeYield Strength (MPa)Tensile Strength (MPa)Elongation (%)
    GB3087Grade 10 steel335 - 475≥ 195≥ 24
    Grade 20 steel410-550≥245≥20
    GB5310




     
    20G410-550≥245≥24
    20MnG≥415≥240≥22
    15CrMoG440-640≥295≥22
    12Cr1MoVG470-640≥255≥21
    12Cr2MoWVTiB540-735≥345≥18
    10Cr9Mo1VNb≥585≥415≥20
    ASTM A192A192≥325≥180≥35
    ASTM A210SA210C≥485≥275≥30
    ASTM A213T11≥415≥205≥30
    T22≥415≥205≥30
    T91≥585≥ 415≥20
    T92≥620≥440≥20

    Core Requirements and Characteristics

     

    • Medium-low pressure boiler tubes (such as 20# steel from GB3087) are typically used in working conditions with a temperature of ≤ 450℃ and a pressure of ≤ 5.88MPa. Their tensile strength is ≥ 410MPa and their yield strength is ≥ 245MPa.
    • High-pressure boiler tubes (such as those made of alloy steel in GB5310) are used in ultra-supercritical and super-supercritical units, demanding higher temperature strength and creep resistance. For instance, 12Cr2MoWVTiB (G102) has a tensile strength of 540-735 MPa and a yield strength of ≥ 345 MPa.
    • International standard differences: The American standard distinguishes between tubes (Tube, such as A213) and pipes (Pipe, such as A335), but the chemical composition is usually the same (such as T/P91). In the European EN 10216-2 standard, similar grades like X10CrMoVNb9-1 correspond to the American T/P91.

     

     

    Trend of Material Selection


    Currently, supercritical and ultra-supercritical power plant boilers mostly adopt high-performance materials such as T/P91 and T/P92 (corresponding to 12Cr2MoG and 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN in China), which exhibit excellent creep rupture strength at temperatures ranging from 600 to 625 degrees Celsius. These materials have become the main materials for units operating at the 600-degree level.

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