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ASTM A500 Carbon Steel Structural Tubing

Details

ASTM A500 is a standard specification for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in round, square, rectangular, and other shapes. These tubes are used in construction, bridges, general structural applications, and other load-bearing purposes.

Material & Manufacturing
A500 Gr. A, B, C, D(Steel Grades): Different grades with varying mechanical properties.

Welded Tubing: Formed from flat-rolled steel and welded longitudinally.
Seamless Tubing: Produced by piercing a solid billet, then cold-drawn to final dimensions.
Cold-Forming Process: Tubing is shaped at room temperature, enhancing strength and surface finish.

Material Requirements
Chemical composition varies slightly between grades but generally includes carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and other trace elements.

Element	Grade A	Grade B	Grade C	Grade D
Carbon (C)	0.26(Heat Analysis) 0.30(Product Analysis)	0.26(Heat Analysis) 0.30(Product Analysis)	0.23(Heat Analysis) 0.27(Product Analysis)	0.26(Heat Analysis) 0.30(Product Analysis)
Manganese (Mn)	1.35(Heat Analysis) 1.40(Product Analysis)	1.35(Heat Analysis) 1.40(Product Analysis)	1.35(Heat Analysis) 1.40(Product Analysis)	1.35(Heat Analysis) 1.40(Product Analysis)
Phosphorus (P)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)
Sulfur (S)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)	0.035(Heat Analysis) 0.045(Product Analysis)
Copper (Cu)	0.20(Heat Analysis) 0.18(Product Analysis)	0.20(Heat Analysis) 0.18(Product Analysis)	0.20 (Heat Analysis) 0.18 (Product Analysis)	0.20(Heat Analysis) 0.18(Product Analysis)

Tensile & Yield Strength:

Grade	Tensile Strength (min, ksi)	Yield Strength (min, ksi)	Elongation (% in 2")
A	45	33 (round) / 39 (shapes)	25
B	58	42 (round) / 46 (shapes)	23
C	62	50	21
D	58	36	23

Dimensional Tolerances
Outside Dimensions (OD): Varies by shape (round, square, rectangular).

Wall Thickness: Must meet specified minimums; tolerances depend on manufacturing method.

Length: Typically supplied in random or specified cut lengths.

Mechanical Testing
Tensile Test: Determines yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation.

Flattening Test (for welded tubes): Ensures weld integrity by flattening a sample without cracking.

Bend Test (optional): Checks ductility.

Applications
Structural Framing (buildings, bridges, towers).

Mechanical Components (supports, frames, machinery).

Architectural & Aesthetic Uses (exposed structural elements).

Comparison With Similar Standards
ASTM A501: Hot-formed tubing (less precise tolerances).

ASTM A53: General-purpose pipe (not strictly structural).

Key Notes：
Cold-forming enhances strength vs. hot-formed tubes (e.g., ASTM A501).

Not intended for high-temperature/pressure service (use ASTM A106 or A53 instead).

Summary
ASTM A500 is a widely used standard for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing, available in round, square, rectangular, and other shapes. It covers multiple grades (A, B, C, D) with varying chemical compositions and mechanical properties, ensuring suitability for load-bearing applications in construction, bridges, and machinery. The cold-forming process enhances strength and dimensional precision, while stringent testing (tensile, flattening, hardness) guarantees quality. Unlike pressure-rated standards (e.g., ASTM A53), A500 focuses on structural integrity, offering excellent yield and tensile strength with tight tolerances. Proper marking and certification ensure traceability, making it a reliable choice for engineers and architects requiring durable, high-performance steel tubing.

ASTM A500 Carbon Steel Structural Tubing

ASTM A500 is a standard for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing. It is widely used in construction and industrial applications due to its versatility and strength. The standard includes four grades: Grade A, Grade B, Grade C, and Grade D, each with distinct mechanical properties and applications.

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